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Oligo synthesis is the process of chemically synthesizing small fragments of DNA or RNA called oligonucleotides. This is typically done using a process called solid-phase synthesis, in which the nucleotides are added one by one to a solid support, such as a bead or a chip. The order of the nucleotides added determines the sequence of the oligonucleotide. Oligonucleotides have a wide range of applications such as PCR, DNA sequencing, diagnostic assays and in gene therapy. In addition, they are also used as probes, primers, and as building blocks for gene synthesis. Oligo synthesis can be automated, making it possible to produce large numbers of oligonucleotides with high accuracy and specificity.
Gene synthesis is a technology that allows for the artificial synthesis of DNA sequences. This is typically done by chemically synthesizing short fragments of DNA called oligonucleotides, which are then assembled into longer sequences through a process called PCR amplification. These sequences can then be inserted into a plasmid or other vector for use in genetic engineering applications such as recombinant protein production, gene therapy, and synthetic biology. Gene synthesis has also played a vital role in the field of synthetic biology, where it has been used to create new biological systems, such as synthetic organisms. It has also been used to synthesize genes for biotechnology and medicine.
DNA synthesis is the process of chemically synthesizing a strand of DNA. It is typically done by synthesizing short fragments of DNA called oligonucleotides, which are then assembled into longer sequences through a process called PCR amplification or by a technique called Phosphoramidite chemistry.
In Phosphoramidite chemistry, the nucleotides are added one by one to a solid support, such as a bead or a chip. The sequence of the DNA strand is determined by the order in which the nucleotides are added. This process is automated, making it possible to produce large amounts of DNA with high accuracy and specificity.
DNA synthesis has a wide range of applications, including the production of recombinant proteins, gene therapy, and synthetic biology. It also plays a vital role in the field of genetic engineering and biotechnology. DNA synthesis has also been used to create DNA sequences that are not found in nature, such as synthetic chromosomes, genomes and organisms.